Jakarta, hitclubapk3 Indonesia
—
Former Chairman of the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (
BMKG
) Dwikorita Karnawati said the floods and landslides that occurred in West Sumatra, North Sumatra and Aceh were a combination of climate change due to human activity (anthropogenic) and the natural dynamics of the Earth system.
According to him, the combination of the two makes hydrometeorological disasters more frequent, more extreme, longer in duration and more complicated to predict.
Dwikorita said reconstructions of Earth’s temperature over the last 400 million years show that climate fluctuations or changes have indeed occurred naturally due to volcanic activity, variations in the Earth’s orbit, and changes in ocean circulation.However, the warming that has occurred in the last 150 years has occurred many times faster than any natural change in geological time.
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“The current rate of temperature increase cannot be explained solely by natural mechanisms. The biggest contribution comes from human activities, such as greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation and industrialization,” he said in a written statement, Sunday (7/12).
Dwikorita said that the increase in temperature increases the air’s capacity to store water vapor.When released in the form of rain, the energy is much greater and more explosive.That’s where, he continued, anthropogenic factors meet natural factors.
He explained that Indonesia, as a geologically active tectonic dynamic volcanic ring country, is prone to landslides and flash floods because the topography is steep and the rock structure is unstable.However, global warming and destruction of land cover have caused the risks and impacts to increase drastically and massively.
According to him, climate change increases the occurrence of extreme rainfall, environmental degradation weakens the absorption capacity of upstream areas and the carrying capacity of the environment.Meanwhile, Sumatra’s natural geomorphological conditions, which are full of steep slopes and active faults, make it susceptible to landslides that dam or block river flows in upstream areas.
“This is what I call coupled hazards where natural and anthropogenic factors do not stand alone, but reinforce each other so that disasters become more destructive,” he explained.
Dwikorita emphasized that the Sumatran floods were not just a local incident, but a signal that Indonesia’s environmental system was under increasing and critical pressure.According to him, this condition is a “time bomb” that must be immediately defused.
Therefore, a mitigation and adaptation system that is ecologically based and supported by appropriate and strong scientific and technology-based academic studies needs to be built so that an unavoidable disaster does not turn into a major tragedy.
“So hydrometeorological disaster mitigation absolutely must be based on protecting and restoring environmental damage,” he said.
(fby/mic)
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