Jakarta, hitclubapk3 Indonesia
—
Experts remind all parties not to build the above infrastructure
active fault
trigger
earthquake
terrible.This is to reduce the risk of loss of life due to earthquakes that frequently shake the country.
Professor at the Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, ITB, Masyhur Irsyam, said that Indonesia is at the confluence of four active tectonic plates, the Asian, Australian, Pacific and Philippine Plates. This condition makes Indonesia one of the countries with the highest level of earthquake vulnerability in the world.
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Given the unpredictable nature of earthquakes, Masyhur said the main strategy to reduce the risk of loss of life is not to build buildings on active faults.
“First we must avoid building on active faults, then don’t challenge tsunamis, don’t challenge large landslides, and avoid liquefaction associated with water-saturated sandy areas,” said Masyhur at the forum ‘Damaging Earthquakes and Efforts to Create Earthquake-Resistant Buildings with Seismic Base Isolation Technology in Indonesia’ in Jakarta, Wednesday (10/12).
“Once the main dangers are avoided, then building risks can be reduced and the construction made shock-resistant,” he continued.
He then gave examples of damage to buildings caused by large earthquakes, starting from Aceh, Yogyakarta, Padang, to Pidie.Damage occurs due to ground acceleration which is transmitted to the building structure.
“According to Newton’s law, acceleration produces a large force on the building. The mass is large, the acceleration is large, the shock is of course large,” he said.
He also highlighted the many bad construction practices, such as finding concrete columns filled with concrete instead of steel reinforcement.
Another professor at the ITB Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Iswandi Imran, added that in designing earthquake-resistant buildings, the lateral load from an earthquake is much greater than the wind load or other lateral loads.If the entire structure is designed to remain elastic when shaken, the size of the building elements will be very massive and uneconomical.
For this reason, Indonesia adopted the approach regulated in SNI 1726:2019 concerning ‘Procedures for Earthquake Resistance Planning for Building and Non-Building Structures’, by reducing earthquake lateral loads.Commonly used conventional methods allow structures to behave inelastically when shaken by strong earthquakes.
“This means that the building will suffer damage if it is hit by a planned earthquake or a larger earthquake, but even though it may be damaged, the structure must not collapse,” said Iswandi.
He explained that buildings need to be designed to remain elastic when facing small or frequent earthquakes, for example with a return period of 50 years.However, for large earthquakes such as MCE (Maximum Considered Earthquake) or an earthquake with a return period of 2,500 years, the structure will certainly experience deformation beyond its elastic limit, therefore, structural elements must have high ductility.
“The structure must be able to experience large deformations without collapsing. That way, the building can still survive even if the earthquake is greater than the structure’s capacity,” he said.
Experts agree that implementing construction according to standards, strict supervision and public education are very important so that fatal damage due to earthquakes can be reduced as much as possible.
(wpj/dmi)
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